Course Code: ER20-21P 50 Hours (2 Hours/week)
Scope: This course provides the basic understanding about the uses, mechanisms of actions, dose dependent responses of drugs in simulated virtual animal models and experimental conditions.
Course Objectives: This course will demonstrate / provide hands-on experience in the virtual platform using appropriate software on the following
- Study of pharmacological effects of drugs like local anaesthetics, mydriatic and mitotic on rabbit eye
- Screening the effects of various drugs acting in the central nervous system
- Study of drug effects on isolated organs / tissues
- Study of pyrogen testing on rabbit
Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students will be able to
- Study and report the local anaesthetic, mydriatic and mitotic effects of the given drug on the rabbit eye
- Choose appropriate animal experiment model to study the effects of the given drugs acting on the central nervous system and submit the report
- Perform the effects of given tissues (simulated) on isolated organs / tissues and interpret the results
- Interpret the dose dependent responses of drugs in various animal experiment models
Practicals: Introduction to the following topics pertaining to the experimental pharmacology have to be discussed and documented in the practical manuals.
| Sl. No. | Experiment |
| 1 | Introduction to experimental pharmacology |
| 2 | Study of laboratory animalsMice
Rats Guinea pigs Rabbits |
| 3 | Commonly used instruments in experimental pharmacology |
| 4 | Different routes of administration of drugs in animals |
| 5 | Types of pre-clinical experiments: In-Vivo, In-Vitro, Ex-Vivo, etc |
| 6 | Techniques of blood collection from animals |
| 7 | Animals shall not be used for doing / demonstrating any of the experiments given. The given experiments shall be carried- out / demonstrated as the case may be, ONLY with the use of software program(s) such as ‘Ex Pharm’ or any other suitable software1. Study of local anaesthetics on rabbit eye
2. Study of Mydriatic effect on rabbit eye 3. Study of Miotic effect on rabbit eye 4. Effect of analgesics using Analgesiometer 5. Study of analgesic activity by writhing test 6. Screening of anti-convulsant using Electro Convulsiometer 7. Screening of Muscle relaxants using Rota-Rod apparatus 8. Screening of CNS stimulants and depressants using Actophotometer 9. Study of anxiolytic activity using elevated plus maze method 10. Study of effect of drugs (any 2) on isolated heart 11. Effect of drugs on ciliary motility on frog’s buccal cavity 12. Pyrogen testing by rabbit method |
Assignments: The students shall be asked to submit written assignments on the following topics (One assignment per student per sessional period. i.e., a minimum of THREE assignments per student)
- Introduction to Allergy Testing
- Introduction to Toxicity Studies
- Drug Facts Labels of US FDA
- Pre-clinical studies in new drug development
- Medicines and meals: Before or After food
- Pre-clinical studies in new drug development
- Drugs available as paediatric formulations
- Drug information apps